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AP Chemistry – AP Chemistry – Final Calculation Set

  • Time: 20–25 minutes

  • No calculator for simple logs (AP style)

  • Show setup (very important)

Question 1 (pH – Basic)

What is the pH of 1.0 × 10⁻³ M HCl?

A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 11

... Correct Answer: B Why: pH = -log(10⁻³) = 3 Trap: Don’t overthink logs Fix: Exponent = pH

Question 2(pOH → pH)

If pOH = 5, what is pH?

A. 5
B. 7
C. 9
D. 14

... Correct Answer: C Why: pH + pOH = 14 → pH = 9 Trap: Forgetting formula Fix: Always: pH + pOH = 14

Question 3(Dilution)

A 1.0 M acid is diluted to 0.10 M. What happens to pH?

A. increases by 1
B. decreases by 1
C. no change
D. doubles

... Correct Answer: A Why: 10× dilution → pH increases by 1 Trap: Mixing concentration vs pH Fix: Each factor of 10 → ±1 pH

Question 4(K Expression)

For:
A ⇌ B

If [A] = 2.0 M and [B] = 4.0 M, what is K?

A. 0.5
B. 2
C. 4
D. 8

... Correct Answer: B Why: K = [B]/[A] = 4/2 = 2 Trap: Reversing ratio Fix: Products / Reactants

Question 5(ICE Table Logic – Conceptual Math)

If K = 100, what does this mean?

A. mostly reactants
B. mostly products
C. equal amounts
D. no reaction

... Correct Answer: B Why: Large K → products favored Trap: Thinking rate vs equilibrium Fix: K = position, not speed

Question 6(Rate Factor)

If concentration doubles, reaction rate:

A. halves
B. doubles
C. stays same
D. stops

... Correct Answer: B Why: More particles → more collisions Trap: Overcomplicating Fix: More concentration → faster rate

Question 7(ΔG)

Which indicates a spontaneous reaction?

A. ΔG > 0
B. ΔG = 0
C. ΔG < 0
D. ΔH > 0

... Correct Answer: C Why: Negative ΔG → spontaneous Trap: Confusing ΔH and ΔG Fix: ΔG decides spontaneity

Question 8(Pressure + Moles)

For:
2A(g) ⇌ B(g)

If pressure increases, what happens?

A. shift left
B. shift right
C. no change
D. depends

... Correct Answer: B Why: Left = 2 moles, Right = 1 → shift right Trap: Not counting moles Fix: Pressure ↑ → fewer moles

Question 9(pH of Diluted Base)

If a base is diluted, what happens to pH?

A. increases
B. decreases
C. no change
D. becomes neutral

... Correct Answer: B Why: [OH⁻] decreases → less basic → pH decreases Trap: Mixing acid logic Fix: Dilute base → pH ↓

Question 10(Log Thinking)

Which has lowest pH?

A. 10⁻²
B. 10⁻³
C. 10⁻⁴
D. 10⁻⁵

... Correct Answer: A Why: Higher [H⁺] → lower pH Trap: Confusing exponent direction Fix: Less negative exponent = stronger acid

FRQ - FINAL FRQ (Calculation Style)

A solution has [H⁺] = 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ M.

  1. Calculate pH

  2. State if solution is acidic, basic, or neutral

... Perfect Answer: pH = -log(1.0 × 10⁻⁶) = 6 Since pH

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